Which term describes a comparison that explains how two things are related?

• A. Metaphor
• B. Analogy
• C. Simile
• D. Hyperbole

Answer: (B)

An analogy is a comparison that explains how two things are related. It takes a known relationship from one pair and shows that same kind of relationship in another pair, helping you see how the pieces fit together. For example, you might say, "Pencil is to paper as brush is to canvas." This isn’t just saying both pairs are alike; it’s illustrating the tool-to-medium relationship so you can understand how one setup mirrors another.

Metaphors and similes compare things to highlight similarity, but they don’t map a specific relationship between two pairs. Hyperbole is a deliberate exaggeration for effect and isn’t about explaining relational connections.